Abstract
Eurycoma
longifolia is traditionally known for its adaptogenic properties and often
used for the general well-being and increased performance in daily life.
Methods: In
a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 40 Malaysian
men aged 30-55 years performed a battery of physical testings during which
the ratio of Testosterone (T) to Epitestosterone (E) was analyzed. The daily
intake was 300 mg of the freeze-dried water extract of Eurycoma longifolia
root (Physta®, Biotropics Malaysia) or placebo for a period of 12 weeks.
Results: At the end of the study the T/E-ratio in the
herbal group ranged from 0.03 to 2.95 and was not significantly different
from values at baseline (p=0.49). Further, the ratio-values for E. longifolia
compared to placebo did not change over time. The weight lifting force which
measures muscular strength using back & leg strength test, increased
significantly from baseline to end of the study in the herbal group by
approximately 14 kg (p=0.0166).
Conclusion: The
ratios of testosterone to epitestosterone did not change during a 12-weeks E.
longifolia intake. The data suggest that this herb does not exhibit “doping”-
like effects. Instead, muscular strength improved significantly in the back
and leg with E. longifolia supplementation rendering this herb good for
physical performance minus the doping effects.
Keywords
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Eurycoma
longifolia; Strength; Quality of life; Doping; Testosterone;
Epitestosterone
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It is
a common human attitude to want to perform better, particularly in sports
and tournaments/competitions. The desire to be better with the use of
banned performance-enhancing drugs is considered to be “doping”.
Anti-doping rules and testing have been established as an independent and
globally accepted standard by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) [1]. Biochemical measurements
for the ratio of Testosterone (“T”) to Epitestosterone (“E”) are often used
in the fight against doping. The hormones are endogenously built in the
body and T increases protein-synthesis resulting in growth of cellular
tissue, especially in muscles (“anabolic steroids”), whereas E is an
inactive isomer of testosterone. In general, the normal ratio of T to E in
urine samples is found similar to be 1:1.
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Due
to the intake of anabolic steroids or products with similar function,
testosterone levels increases while E levels remain stable, resulting in a
change in T/E-ratio from normal levels. In 2005, a threshold of T/E-ratio
higher than 4:1 (>4) was considered by the WADA as a proof of exogenous
intake of anabolic substances [2]. The significance of these
measures as well as factors which may influence and possibly facilitate
false-positive results have been discussed controversially, e.g.,
non-steroidal products capable of changing T/E-ratio, specified/nonspecified
stimulants, pathological androgen metabolism, individual genetic variations
and enzyme polymorphism [1-4].
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Adaptogenic
substances, including many herbal medicines have been used traditionally
with the goal of increasing physical performance. The history of herbs in
sports can be traced back to ancient Greek [5]. Famous examples of herbs
for sports purposes are among others Panax ginseng, caffeine, and ephedrine
and Eurycoma longifolia E. longifolia, also known as “Tongkat ali” or
“Malaysian ginseng”, is well-known in Southeast Asian countries and used
traditionally for the general wellbeing and better performance in daily
living [5-9]. In a randomized,
double-blind placebo controlled trial, healthy male subjects on E.
longifolia experienced significant improvement in physical functioning, one
of the 9 domains found in the SF-36 Quality of Life questionnaire [9]. The question items in this
domain were on moderate and vigorous activities, climbing, bending and
kneeling, walking, and bathing/dressing, role physical, and vitality. The
supplementation with E. longifolia improved strength in physically active
male and female seniors between 57 and 72 years of age in an open pilot
study and additionally increased muscle mass and fat free mass in men, in
another study [10,11]. The ergogenic properties
of the herb appear prevalent in these studies. The proandrogenic effect on
the laevator ani muscle by an increase in its weight was also seen in rats
[12]. It was shown that E.
longifolia contains the presence of a 4.3 kDa peptide which increases
testosterone levels in rat leydig cells [13]. However, a few clinical
data on the effects of E. longifolia in exercise performance are available,
such as endurance bicycling and running which still render non-conclusive
the effect of E. longifolia in sports performance [6].
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Here
we report the non-doping effects and the benefits in sport performance
during a 12-weeks treatment of Eurycoma longifolia. These data were
obtained as an addendum from a randomized, placebocontrolled trial on the
quality of life and sexual well-being in men [9].
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Methods
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Study design and subjects
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The
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel group study was
performed at the Clinical Trial Unit (CTU), Hospital Universiti Sains
Malaysia (HUSM), Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. It was conducted in accordance with
the Guideline for Good Clinical Practice (ICH-6), Declaration of Helsinki and
approved by the Human Research and Ethics Committee for Clinical Studies at
HUSM (approval date 24 Dec 2008). An addendum to approve additional endpoints
was approved by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Studies at HUSM on 23 Dec
2009 (Ref. USM/PPP/Ethics Com./2009(146)).
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One
hundred and nine healthy Malaysian men aged between 30 years to 55 years were
included. The inclusion/exclusion criteria, randomization and intervention,
primary and secondary endpoints as well as sample size estimation and
statistical analyses for the study are described in detail in Ismail et al. [9]. Forty subjects agreed for an
additional doping test (verum: n=21; placebo: n=19). The subjects were
randomly selected and were from the tail end of the ongoing (larger population)
study. The additional doping test was added to the protocol at mid-way of the
study (larger population) to address possible doping effects upon suggestions
by the local Sports Council. The investigators, subjects and study
coordinators were double blinded and the products were randomized prior to
shipment to the Investigators. The information of the product whether placebo
or treatment were sealed in an envelope labeled with the corresponding
randomization number and could only is broken upon occurrence of serious
adverse event or at the completion of the trial, during data analysis. The
envelope containing information of the subjects was checked to ensure there
was no breaking of seal.
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The
subjects were non-athletes and were instructed not to participate in any form
of physical training during the study period. A total of four interval visits
were scheduled for the entire study: screening (visit 1, week -1 to week-2),
measurements taken at baseline (visit 2, day 0: randomisation), at week-6 (visit
3, day 42 ± 3 days) and end-of-study at week-12 (visit 4, day 84 ± 3 days)
followed by a followup visit (visit 5 at week-14, via telephone or face to
face). At screening (visit 1), clinical examinations and interviews were
conducted to select subjects who fulfilled the study criteria. Blood samples
were collected from the subjects for routine health check (hematological,
renal and liver parameters) and Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA). At each
other visit (V2, V3, V4) Physical Fitness Testings were performed (see
Methods 2.3). The primary endpoints for the ratio of hormonal values for
Testosterone (T) to Epitestosterone (E) were taken at baseline (V2) and end
of the study (V4). The safety was assessed based on documented Adverse
Events, physical examinations, clinical and laboratory measures as published
[9].
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Study medication
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Each
subject consumed four capsules per day containing either herbal extract or
placebo. One capsule contained 75 mg of freeze-dried water extract of
Eurycoma longifolia root (Physta®, Biotropics Malaysia Berhad, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia) as active ingredients, manufactured under Good Manufacturing
Process requirements (GMP) with continuous quality control (DER 20:1).
Consumption of 500 to 1000 mg root extracts has been reported traditionally,
and clinical data show safe consumption of the water soluble extract between
200 to 600 mg [7,14]. Since the present investigation
was the first randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial in a large
population, a middle range of 300 mg/ day extract was selected. The total
daily intake was therefore 300 mg/day herbal extract. The placebo medication
(containing maltodextrin) was identical to the active medication however
without the herbal extract.
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Procedures for the physical fitness
tests
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Test
for physical fitness were performed: each session of the physical fitness
tests contained a battery of different types of tests so that various
physiological and muscular parameters could be activated/stimulated, finally
leading to an improvement of these fitness activities: flexibility- (type of
test: Sit & Reach), muscular strength (Hand grip; Back & Leg),
muscular endurance (Sit-up & Push up) and body composition (Bioelectrical
Impedance Analysis). All these tests were carried out on the same day for
each participants and the duration took approximately two hours for each
session of five to eight subjects.
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Sit and reach: The subjects sat on the floor with
legs stretched out straight ahead. They were bare-footed and the soles of the
feet are placed flat against the sit and reach box. Both knees were locked
and pressed flat to the floor. With the palms facing downwards, and the hands
on top of each other, the subjects were told to reach forward along the
measuring line as far as possible. Then, the subjects hold that position for
at least two seconds while the distance was recorded. The subjects were given
three trials and the longest distance to the nearest centimeter reached was
noted.
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Hand grip: The subjects held the hydraulic hand
dynamometer (Jamar, United Kingdom) in the hand to be tested, with the arm at
right angles and the elbow by the side of the body. The handle of the
dynamometer was adjusted if required and the base was rested on the first
metacarpal (heel of palm), while the handle rested on the middle of four
fingers. Then, the subjects squeezed the dynamometer with maximum isometric
effort, which was maintained for about 5 seconds. No other body movement was
allowed. The subjects were strongly encouraged to give a maximum effort. The
best result in kilograms from three trials for the dominant hand was
recorded, with at least 15 seconds recovery between each effort.
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Back and leg strength: The subjects stood upright on the
base of the back and leg dynamometer (VacuMed, USA:http://www.vacumed. com/images/12-0403.JPG)
with their feet shoulder width apart. They were instructed to hang their arms
straight down to hold the centre of the bar with both hands, and with the
palms facing toward the body. The chain was adjusted so that the knees are
bent at approximately 110 degrees. In this position the subjects’ back are
bent slightly forward at the hips, their heads held upright and looking look
straight ahead. Then without bending their backs, they pulled as hard as
possible on the chain and try to straighten their legs while keeping their arms
straight. Additionally, they were told to pull against the weight steadily
whilst keeping the feet flat on the base of the dynamometer. The subjects
were reminded that maximum performance will result when their legs are almost
straight at the end of the lift. The best result in kilograms from three
trials was recorded, with at least 15 seconds recovery between each effort.
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Sit-up: The subjects lay on a carpeted floor
with their knees bent at approximately right angles, with feet flat on the
ground. They were instructed to rest their hands on their thighs. Then, they
pushed their backs flat and raised high enough for their hands to slide along
their thighs to touch the tops of their knees. They were also reminded not to
pull with their necks or heads and to keep their lower backs on the floor.
They were required to do as many sit-ups as possible in one minute. The
number of sit-ups performed in one minute was recorded.
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Push-up: The subjects were instructed to use
the standard “military style” push-up position with only the hands and the
toes touching the floor in the starting position. They were told to lower the
chest down towards the floor, always to the same level each time, either till
their elbows was at right angles or their chests touch the ground. They were
required to do as many push-ups as possible in one minute. The number of
push-ups performed in one minute was recorded.
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Body composition: A body fat analyzer (Omron HBF 306,
Japan) was used to analyze the percent body fat of the subjects. Personal
information such as age, gender, weight and height were keyed into the
analyzer. Then the subjects were told to grip the device handles and held
arms straight out at a 90° angle to the body. Percent body fat, fat mass
content and Body Mass Index was calculated automatically in seconds.
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Analysis of testosterone
T/epitestosterone E
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The
analysis of urine samples was performed by the Doping Control Centre, Penang,
a NATA -accredited laboratory (National Association of Testing Authorities,
Australia). The quantification of T/E ratio was determined by Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The free and conjugated T and E were
extracted by solid phase extraction using the Nexus (Varian) column combined
with liquidliquid extraction using tert-Butyl methyl ether, followed by
hydrolysis using enzyme β-glucuronidase from Esherichia Coli K12 (Roche
Diagnostics Mannheim, Germany); extracts were then derivatized with activated
N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). The calibration of T
was performed using concentration levels of between 2 ng/mL and 80 ng/mL
while the values for E were between 2 ng/mL to 20 ng/mL. Selected ion
monitoring mode with electron ionization on the GC-MS was used for
identification and quantification of both T and E.
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Statistical analyses
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Detailed
description on the statistical evaluation was already published elsewhere [9]. Data was explored and descriptive
statistical analysis was conducted to measure changes in the parameters
between E. longifolia and placebo groups at baseline, week 6 and/or end of
treatment. Mean (SEM, standard error of the mean) were used for continuous variables
of normality distributed data and median (IQR, inter quartile range) for
non-normal distribution. The ratio T/E is visualized by Box-Whisker-Plots,
showing the spread of the set of data without any assumption of the
underlying data distribution. Independent t-test and non-parametric test (as
appropriate, Mann- Whitney) were used for comparison of the two randomized
groups. Significant changes in the parameters are referred to a p-value of ≤
0.05.
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Forty
males agreed for the additional testings: Verum n=21, age (mean ± SD) 45.19 ±
5.37 years (range 30-54 years); Placebo n=19, age 44.63 ± 7.05 years (30-52
years). The flowchart of the study design, bibliographic as well as clinical
baseline data of these subjects is listed elsewhere [9].
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Hormones
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During
treatment, hormonal values for Total Testosterone (TT), Free Testosterone
(FT), Dehydroepiandrosterone-SO4 (DHEA), the metabolic intermediate in
biosynthesis of androgens and Sexual Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG), the
testosterone carrier protein were analyzed for the two treatment groups and
are shown in Table 1. There were slight increasing trends in almost all of
the values during E. longifolia intake from baseline (V2) to end of study
(V4), however, none reached significance: TT median V2-V4: 15.3-16.5 nmol/L
(p=0.34), FT 31.4-34.9 pmol/L (p=0.24), SHBG 22.6-25.2 nmol/L (p=0.86). The
hormone DHEA increased by 13.6% from baseline (4.2 μmol/L) after 6 weeks
(p=0.25), however, at the end of treatment, the value dropped back to the
basic value (4.23 μmol/L, p=0.87).
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In
the placebo-group, FT and DHEA showed increasing values compared to baseline,
at the end of trial, (after 12 weeks) (V2-V4: 32.4-36.5 pmol/L; p=0.58) and
3.6-4.5 μmol/L; p=0.62) respectively. Comparisons between groups demonstrated
no significant deviations over time for all the hormonal values except for
SHBG, which already had a significantly higher starting value in the placebo
group at baseline (V2: p=0.03).
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Ratio Testosterone to
Epitestosterone
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After
12 weeks, the T/E-ratio values in the E. longifolia group ranged from 0.03 to
2.95 with a median of 0.2 (n=21) compared to a median (V2) of 0.16 (n=3) at
baseline as shown in Figure 1. This would mean no changes occurred in the
hormonal relationship during herbal treatment (p= 0.49). At the end of the
study, approximately 91% of the subjects had T/E-ratios of up to 1, which is
considered to be a “normal” ratio. Similar data were obtained in the placebo
group: after 12 weeks, the T/E-ratio values ranged from 0.05 to 3.3 with a median
of 0.81 (n=18). Roughly 72% of the subjects had T/E-ratios of up to 1. At
baseline, the median value was 0.55 (n=4), demonstrating no changes during
treatment (p= 0.82). Between group comparisons showed no statistical
differences in the ratios of testosterone to epitestosterone: V2 -EL/placebo:
p=0.33; V4 -EL/Placebo: p=0.11). Almost all single values measured in both
treatment groups fall within the interquartile range IQR (lower quartile: 25%
value and upper: 75% value), except for the minimum and maximum values as
well as the 95th percentile value of the T/E ratio in
the E. longifolia group (Figure 1).
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Physical fitness tests
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Flexibility
(sit & reach), muscular strength testing: back & leg (kg), hand grip
(kg), muscular endurance: sit-up and push-up (times/min) as well as body
composition: percent body fat (%) were measured at screening (V1), 6 weeks
(V3) and end of treatment visits (V4).
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In
all the fitness settings no noticeable changes and significant beneficial
effects were observed either within treatment groups or between group
comparisons, except for back and leg muscular strengths.
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The
amount of strength the subjects can exert for one repetition during treatment
is shown in Figure 2. At baseline (V2), subjects in the E. longifolia group
who started with mean ± SEM strength of 128.81 kg ± 5.63 kg (range: 75 kg-196
kg, n=21), increased to 132.26 kg ± 6.39 kg (82 kg-195 kg, n=19) at 6 weeks
(V3) and finally reached mean values of 142.78 kg ± 7.95 kg (70 kg-205 kg,
n=18) after 12 weeks of treatment (V4). This increase with an approximately
14 kg strength from baseline to end of the study was highly significant with
p=0.0166 and from V3 (6 weeks) to V4 (12 weeks) with p=0.0062. In contrast,
subjects in the placebo group had a moderate gain (approx. 10.8 kg) in back
and leg strength with mean values of 128 kg ± 8.31 kg, n=13 at the end of the
trial compared to baseline mean values (117.21 kg ± 5.62 kg, n=19), barely
reaching significance (p=0.045).
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The
supplementation of 300 mg per day of Eurycoma longifolia root water extract
in healthy middle-aged men, for a period of 12 weeks, was evaluated here for
the ratio of Testosterone (T) to Epitestosterone (E) and physical fitness. To
the best of our knowledge, this anti-doping measurement, established by the
WADA, was applied for the first time in a controlled clinical trial with E.
longifolia intake.
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In
none of the analyzed subjects were the T/E-ratios greater than 4 observed: a
threshold which is considered by WADA as an adverse analytical finding
requiring further investigations of the individuals. The maximum T/E-ratio of
2.95 was observed after daily intake of 300 mg of E. longifolia water
extract. The majority of subjects (>90%) had T/Eratios of up to 1, in the
treatment group. The highest ratio for subjects on placebo was 3.3 and more
than 72% of the subjects had values of up to 1. Since between-group
comparisons showed no noteworthy and statistical significance, the results
show that a 12 weeks treatment with 300 mg daily of E. longifolia water
extract did not interfere with the normal ratio of testosterone to
epitestosterone in middle-aged active and healthy men.
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Several
other hormones involved in the androgenic metabolism were analyzed in this
study: total (TT) and Free Testosterone (FT), Dehydroepiandrosterone
(-Sulfate) (DHEA) and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Although
increasing values of these parameters ranging from 7% to 11% could be
observed during E. longifolia extract intake, it did not reach significance
when compared to baseline or when comparing with the placebo-group. However,
literature on E. longifolia states conflicting results on its’ influence in
androgenic hormones. It is reported in animal studies that the anabolic
action of this herb is in increasing levels of testosterone and human studies
suggested that this herb facilitates the production of testosterone by reducing
SHBG, thus releasing free circulating testosterone [15,16]. The study, randomized to various
doses of standardized E. longifolia extract (200-600 mg daily), showed
testosterone and DHEAS at “high normal levels” compared to baseline, in
middle aged subjects, after an 8-weeks treatment (statistics were not
mentioned in the reference) [17]. In another placebo controlled
study, thirty male endurance cyclist, received either 100 mg E.
longifolia-water extract (n=15) or placebo (n=15); approximately 30 minutes
before and after each of a four 14.91 miles laps, in a highintensity 24-hrs
bicycling program [18]. Supplementation of E. longifolia
resulted in testosterone levels 16.4% higher while cortisol levels were 32%
lower when compared to placebo (p<0.05). The biochemical profile of the
cyclists appeared to be in an anabolic hormonal state. In hypogonadic men who
have low serum testosterone levels, E. longifolia supplementation was able to
significantly increase testosterone levels to normal levels as well [19].
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While
the role of testosterone is known to affect muscles [20], the role of E. longifolia may not
only be limited to testosterone enhancing. In this study, the muscle
strengthening effect did not appear to be related to a significant increase
in testosterone hormones. This is probably due to E. longifolia purportedly
being a natural adaptogenic energizer in the maintenance and healthy ageing
in men, suggesting E. longifolia’s role in optimizing testosterone levels
only when supoptimal [21]. It can be suggested that E.
longifolia supplementation does not indiscriminately increase testosterone
levels as do exogenous testosterone supplementation but modulates to optimal
levels according to ones’ current hormonal levels. Furthermore, the standardized
water extract of E. longifolia (Physta®) contains >22% protein and
peptides possibly adding to the ergogenic benefit despite non-significant
elevation of testosterone [13,22]. Hence, future studies on the role
of the active ingredients in E. longifolia on the contractile properties of
the muscles are warranted.
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According
to recently published reviews on herbs/botanicals including E. longifolia,
dietary supplements and herbal medicines, only little conclusive clinical
evidence is available to justify the herb’s effects on exercise and sports
performance [5,6]. Nevertheless, in this study, the
test for muscular strength resulted in significant effects after 12-weeks of
Eurycoma-extract intake. There was a highly significant 14 kg improvement
(approx. 10% increase) in back and leg strength after 12 weeks (142.78 kg) of
E. longifolia intake compared to baseline (128.81 kg; p=0.0166). Placebo-group
only reached values of up to 10.8 kg (approx. 8% increase) with a borderline
significance of p=0.045. No significant changes in hand grip strength was
observed in this study although in physically active male and female seniors
aged between 57-72 years of age, increased muscle strength (measured
similarly with a hand grip dynamometer) accompanied with significant
testosterone elevation, was observed with E. longifolia supplementation of 5
weeks [10]. The ages of the subjects in this
study was below 55 years hence the effect of E. longifolia may be more
intense in older subjects where sub optimal levels of testosterone normally
occurs. An elevation of testosterone in the older subjects may have therefore
contributed to the significant improvement of handgrip strength. The precise
mechanism attributing to increase in muscular strength is currently
inconclusive since in some studies it is accompanied by testosterone
elevation and in others, it either did not increase or was not tested. This
is particularly important as strength training can provide functional
benefits (ergogenic properties): improve general health and well-being as
seen in both groups of this study, however, with an enhanced effect present
in the E. longifolia group.
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There
were also other studies demonstrating possible ergogenic properties of E.
longifolia. In one randomized placebo-controlled trial, both groups on either
100 mg E. longifolia-extract or placebo, demonstrated a significant increase
in muscle strength after 5 weeks of intensive strength training program.
However the increase was larger in the treatment (herbal) group compared to
the placebo: 6.78% (p=0.006) vs. 2.77% (p=0.011) respectively [11]. Subjects on E. longifolia extract
had improved significantly in fat-free mass, fat mass, maximal strength
(1-RM) and arm circumference when compared to the placebo group. This data
corresponds with data from our study where a similar increase of muscle
strength (approximately 10% compared to 6.78%) demonstrated by the back and
leg strength test during E. longifolia intake, was observed. This study however
did not measure testosterone levels.
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The
supplementation with E. longifolia did not significantly affect flexibility
of the subjects evaluated through the ‘sit and reach’ activity. The mechanism
of action for this herb is likely to be proandrogenic whereby testosterone is
unlikely to affect the flexibility of subjects [13].
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Other
studies evaluating endurance were unable to demonstrate the effect of E.
longifolia [23,24]. In a previous trial, 12 male
athletes (mean age 23.3 years) who received 2 capsules of 75 mg E.
longifolia-extract or placebo for 7 days, 1 hour before a 60 min run on the
treadmill, showed no changes in running distance and physical responses
compared to placebo [23]. In addition, in a separate study,
six male cyclists who received a low-dose of E. longifolia medication (0.67
mg), showed no improvement in cycling performance and physical parameters [24]. In this current study, no
significant changes were observed in muscular endurance evaluated through
Sit-up and Push-ups. In these three situations, it is possible that
supplementation of E. longifolia could not affect sports endurance of the
subjects which is also dependent on aerobic fitness levels. Furthermore, a
short supplementation period (7 days) and low dosage (0.67 mg) of
E.longifolia may have also contributed to the lackluster performance of the
subjects. In a trial of endurance cyclists supplemented with 100 mg of E.
longifolia in a 24-hr mountain biking event, cortisol levels were 32% lower
and testosterone levels were 16% higher in supplemented subjects compared to
placebo, indicating a biochemical profile that promotes an “anabolic”
hormonal state during the intense endurance exercise [18]. The type of exercise which engage
different muscle group, anaerobic or aerobic exercise may play a role in the
effectiveness of E. longifolia. In the exercise that engaged the larger
muscle group such as quadriceps in intense cycling and back muscles in back
and leg strength exercises, a beneficial effect of E. longifolia was invoked.
Both strength training and intense cycling are primarily anaerobic. Anabolic
activity is primarily during anaerobic respiration and was observed in the
intense cycling [18]. Hence, it is possible that E.
longifolia affects muscle strength in an anaerobic state than endurance which
is influenced by aerobic fitness levels such as running and moderate cycling
[24,25].
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The
body fat composition remained unchanged in this study. This was also the case
in the larger population [9]. Only in men with BMB>25 kg/m2 was fat loss observed. Overall, the
size of the population may be too small to reach statistical significance in
other parameters within the physical fitness test and hormonal profiles
especially the androgenic hormones. The subjects were also non athletes hence
may not actually be physically motivated to be evaluated in physical fitness,
leading to poorer performance overall in the fitness test. A population of
athletes or recreational athletes could be evaluated in the future to gauge
E. longifolia as an effective supplement for sports performance.
Additionally, it could be that the study duration of 12 weeks may have been
too short and the given daily dose of E. longifolia was not optimal for the
desired effect in all physical tests.
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Besides
ergogenic benefits, the supplementation with E. longifolia may have other
beneficial effects, e.g. increase in physical performance, vigor and calmer
mood [10,25-28]. An overall clarity of mind and
mood elevation accompanied by vigor and muscle strength could be an
additional useful attribute in a supplement for sports enthusiast in the
future.
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The
ratio of testosterone to epitestosterone was measured for the first time in
healthy males during a 12 weeks intake of 300 mg/day Eurycoma
longifolia-extract (Physta®), in a randomized, double-blind and
placebo-controlled trial. In both treatment groups, the T/E ratio was normal
and below 4. A significant increase in muscle strength was observed for the
herbal group compared to placebo in the back and leg strength test though
muscular endurance, flexibility and body fat composition remained unchanged
with 300 mg daily dose of Eurycoma longifolia over 12 weeks.
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Acknowledgements
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We
would like to thank the phyto-pharmaceutical company Biotropics Malaysia
Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, for financial support of the clinical trial.
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Ganghofner D, Thieme D (2011) Epidemiological
investigation of the UGT2B17 polymorphism in doping control urine
samples and its correlation to T/E ratios. Drug Test Anal 3: 645-651.
- Stafford ML (2012) Dietary supplements and botanicals in sports:
evidence, regulation, and doping controversies. HerbalGram 96: 55-63.
- Chen CK, Muhamad AS, Ooi FK (2012) Herbs in exercise
and sports. J Physiol Anthropol 31: 4.
- Goreja WG (2004) Tongkat Ali: The Tree That Cures A Hundred
Diseases. Amazing Herbs Press.
- Burkill IH, William Birtwistle; Frederick
William Foxworthy; John Brooke Scrivenor; James Gilbert Watson (1966)A Dictionary of the Economic
Products of the Malay Peninsula. (2nd Edn) Kuala Lumpur: The Ministry of
Agriculture and Cooperatives, Malaysia.
- Ismail SB, Wan Mohammad WM, George A, Nik
Hussain NH, Musthapa Kamal ZM, et al. (2012) Randomized
Clinical Trial on the Use of PHYSTA Freeze-Dried Water Extract of
Eurycoma longifolia for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Sexual
Well-Being in Men. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012: 429268.
- Henkel RR, Wang R, Bassett SH, Chen T, Liu
N, et al. (2013) Tongkat Ali as a
Potential Herbal Supplement for Physically Active Male and Female Seniors-A
Pilot Study. Phytother Res .
- Hamzah S, Yusof A (2003) The ergogenic
effects of Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia): A pilot study. Br J Sports
Med 37: 464-470.
- Ang HH, Cheang HS (2001) Effects of
Eurycoma longifolia jack on laevator ani muscle in both uncastrated and
testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats. Arch Pharm Res 24:
437-440.
- Sambandan TG, Rha CK, Kadir AA, Aminudim N,
Saad J, Mohammed M: Bioactive fraction of Eurycoma longifolia. United
States
- Tambi MIM (2005) Standardized water soluble
extract of Eurycoma longifolia (LJ100) on men’s health. Int of J Androl
28: 25-44.
-
- Zanoli P, Zavatti M, Montanari C, Baraldi M
(2009) Influence of
Eurycoma longifolia on the copulatory activity of sexually sluggish and
impotent male rats. J Ethnopharmacol 126: 308-313.
- Tambi MI, Kadir AA (2006) Eurycoma
longifolia jack: a potent adaptogen in the form of water-soluble extract
(LJ100) with the effect of maintaining men’s health Asian J Androl 8:
49-50.
- Tambi MI (2009) Nutrients and botanicals for
optimizing men’s health. Examining the evidence for Eurycoma longifolia
Jack, the Malaysian Ginseng in men’s health. Asian Journal of Andrology
11: 37-38
- Talbott S, Talbott J, Negrete J, Jones M,
Nichols M, et al. (2006) Effect of LJ100 on anabolic balance during
endurance exercise. Journal of International Society of Sports Nutrition
3: S32
- Tambi MI, Imran MK, Henkel RR (2012) Standardised
water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as
testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism?
Andrologia 44 Suppl 1: 226-230.
- Herbst KL, Bhasin S (2004) Testosterone
action on skeletal muscle. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 7: 271-277.
- Tambi MI (2005) Standardized water soluble
extract of Eurycoma longifolia on men’s health In abstracts of 8th
International Congress of Andrology, 12-16 June, Seoul, Korea. Int J
Androl 28: 27.
- Certificate of Analysis (2008) Freeze dried
water extract of Eurycoma longifolia (Physta®). Biotropics
Malaysia Bhd.
- Muhamad AS, Keong CC, Kiew OF, Abdullah MR,
Lam CT (2010) Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack supplementation on
recreational athletes’ endurance running capacity and physiological
responses in the heat. Int J Appl Sports Sci 22: 1-19.
- Ooi FK, Singh R, Sirisinghe RG, Ang B,
Jamalullail S (2001) Effects of a
herbal ergogenic drink on cycling performance in young cyclists. Malays
J Nutr 7: 33-40.
- Talbott S, Talbott J, George A, Pugh M
(2013) Effect of Tongkat
Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately
stressed subjects. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 10: 28.
- Ang HH, Cheang HS (1999) Studies on the
anxiolytic activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack roots in mice. Jpn J
Pharmacol 79: 497-500.
- Ang HH, Ngai TH, Tan TH (2003) Effects of
Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats. Phytomedicine
10: 590-593.
- Ang HH, Lee KL, Kiyoshi M (2004) Sexual arousal in
sexually sluggish old male rats after oral administration of Eurycoma
longifolia Jack. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 15: 303-309.
'TheMaking of Tongkat Ali
NU-PREP LELAKI'
KEUTAMAAN ADALAH HALAL
Ketibaan ' Pertemuan bersama doktor pakar ', di hospital 'swasta'
BERMULANYA DI SINI
FRIM - IBU PEJABAT
MALAYSIA BERJAYA MELAHIRKAN SAINTIS BERTARAF DUNIA.
KEHADIRAN di sambut segera.
PENGGUNA BIJAK MALAYSIA
ANDA HADIR SEBAGAI GOLONGAN PENDESAK
MAKA JENAMA MALAYSIA PERTAMA MEMENUHI
TENTUTAN ANDA. FOMCA - Federation of Malaysia Consumers Associations
' PASTIKAN PRODUK MEMPUNYAI KAJAIN DOKTOR PAKAR '
Perbincangan pihak hospital Doktor Pakar Dr Ismail Tambi, Duta Produk Aaron Aziz &
A CEO Biotropics Malaysia Berhad Tengku Sharil Tunku Adnan
Kelebihan produk mempunyai PAKAR / PERUNDING
memenuhi seperti nasihat Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia
selain PRODUK DIDAFTARKAN & MEMPEROLEHI KELULUSAN.
Mengiriingi DUTA produk, selepas selesai perbincangan bersama PAKAR
KERAJAAN MENYEDIAKAN KELEBIHAN 'KEMENANGAN KEPADA PENGGUNA BIJAK'
MALAYSIA & ANTARABANGSA ( PELANCONG LUAR NEGARA ). ANDA BOLEH MEMBAWA KES INI KE MAHKAMAH JIKA DI DIDAPATI PRODUK IDAK SELAMAT ATAU PALSU.
KEPADA PELANCONG ANTARA BANGSA PROESE YANG LEBIH CEPAT & JIKA TELAH PULANG KE NAGARA ASAL, BERITA AKAN DISAMPAIKAN.
JIKA DI TIPU PRODUK TIDAK SELAMAT ( MERBAHAYA, LOGAM BERAT, TIDAK LARUT, TIADA BUKTI SAINTIFIK & SEBAGAINYA ) ATAU TERANG-TERANG PRODUK TIRUAN.
KEHADIRAN AARON AZIZI AMAT DINANTIKAN OLEH PIHAK HOSPITAL MALAH PARA PERTUGAS MERASAI TERAMAT BERTUAH PADA HARI TERSEBUT BERSAMA AARON AZIZ DUTA PRODUK TONGKAT ALI NU-PREP LELAKI.
PRODUK TERHASIL DARI USAHA MURNI KERAJAAN MALAYSIA & MIT (US)
BERJAYA DIPATENKAN DI AMERIKA SYARIKAT & EROPAH.
BERSAMA PERTUGAS & PELAWAT ISTIMEWA.
TONGKAT ALI NU-PREP 100 ‘Water Soluble Extract –
FREEZE DRIED’. ( patent US 7,132,117 B2
& Europe Specification Patent EP ,313,491 B1 )
1.
JOURNAL
OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORT NUTRITION. ( BIOMED CENTRAL. THE OPEN ACCESS
PUBLISHER ). Research Article. Publication Date : 26 May 2013.
Keywords : Testosterone, Cortisol,
Stress, Vigor, Tongkat Ali, Eurycoma, Mood.
“EFFECT
OF TONGKAT ALI ON STRESS HORMONES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MOOD STATE IN MODERATELY
STRESSED SUBJECT.”
COMPETING INTERESTS. The authors have no directly competing
interests, although one ( AG ) is an
employee of a company that manufactures Tongkat ali extract, and another ( MP )
is an employee of a nutrition company that uses Tongkat ali as one ingredient
in an anti-stress dietary supplement. The other
authors ( ST and JT ) conducted this study as employees of
Supplement Watch, which received funding
for this trial from Biotropics Malaysia. This study was funded by Biotropics
Malaysia and conducted by SupplementWatch.
Tongkat
Ali has been referred to as Malaysia’s “home-grown Viagra” with the Malaysian
government investing considerable effort to licence, develop, and sustain
research into the potential health benefits of Eurycoma Longifolia through a
variety of governmental organizations, including the FOREST INSTITUTE OF
MALAYSIA( FRIM ).
Journal
of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2013, 10:28 doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-28
Abstract
Background
Eurycoma longifolia is
a medicinal plant commonly called tongkat ali (TA) and “Malaysian ginseng.” TA
roots are a traditional “anti-aging” remedy and modern supplements are intended
to improve libido, energy, sports performance and weight loss. Previous studies
have shown properly-standardized TA to stimulate release of free testosterone,
improve sex drive, reduce fatigue, and improve well-being.
Methods
We
assessed stress hormones and mood state in 63 subjects (32 men and 31 women)
screened for moderate stress and supplemented with a standardized hot-water
extract of TA root (TA) or Placebo (PL)
for 4 weeks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance set at p < 0.05 was
used to determine differences between groups.
Results
Significant
improvements were found in the TA group for Tension (−11%), Anger (−12%), and
Confusion (−15%). Stress hormone profile (salivary cortisol and testosterone)
was significantly improved by TA supplementation, with reduced cortisol
exposure (−16%) and increased testosterone status (+37%). Conclusion These
results indicate that daily supplementation with tongkat ali root extract
improves stress hormone profile and certain mood state parameters, suggesting
that this “ancient” remedy may be an effective approach to shielding the body
from the detrimental effects of “modern” chronic stress, which may include
general day-to-day stress, as well as the stress of dieting, sleep deprivation,
and exercise training.
( Keywords Testosterone, Cortisol, Stress,
Vigor, Tongkat ali, Eurycoma, Mood
CONCLUSION. A wide range of investigations,
from laboratory research, to animal feeding studies, to human supplementation
trials, have confirmed the health benefits and traditional use of Tongkat Ali
root extract. Laboratory evidence shows that eurycoma peptide stimulate release
of free testosterone from its binding protein and improve overall hormone
profiles. More than a dozen rodent feeding studies have demonstrated improved
sex drive, balanced hormonal profile, and enhanced physical function. Human
supplementation trials show a clear indication of reduce fatigue, heightened
energy and mood, and greater sense of well-being in subject consuming Tongkat
Ali root extracts. It is important to note that the majority of these studies,
and all of the human supplementation trials, have been conducted on specific
hot-water-extract of Eurycoma longifolia ( whisch is the traditional Malaysia
preparation ) produced using a patented extraction process to isolate and
concentrate the bioactive compound. In conclusion, Tongkat Ali, used for
centuries in traditional medicine systems of South East Asia for treating
lethargy, low libido, depression, and fatique, appears to have significant
potential for restoring hormone balance ( cortisol / testosterone ) and
improving psychological mood state in humans exposed to various modern
stressors, including aging, dieting, and exercise stress.)
2.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH Phytother. Res. (2013)
Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI:
10.1002/ptr.5017.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. This authors
wish to thank BIOTROPICS MALAYSIA BERHAD, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA, for
financially supporting this study.
“Tongkat Ali as
a Potential Herbal Supplement for Physically Active Male and Female Seniors—A
Pilot Study”
Keywords: Eurycoma longifolia; adaptogen;
testosterone; ergogenic benef its; increased muscle strength; elderly
individuals.
Ralf
R. Henkel,1*† Ruxiang Wang,2† Susan Bassett,3 Tao Chen,4 Na Liu,2 Ying Zhu4 and
Mohd Ismail Tambi5
1Department
of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South
Africa
2Shenyang Center for Disease Control and
Prevention, Shenyang, China 3Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise
Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
4Liaoning
Sport Science Institute, Shenyang, China
5Wellmen
Clinic, Damai Service Hospital, Kuala Lumpur 52100, Malaysia.
Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia; TA) is known
to increase testosterone levels and alleviate aging males’ symptoms. This study
aimed at investigating TA as an ergogenic supplement for elderly people.
Thirteen physically active male and 12 physically active female seniors (57–72
years) were supplemented with 400-mg TA extract daily for 5 weeks. Standard
hematological parameters were taken. In addition, the concentrations of total
and free testosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, insulin-like growth
factor-1, and sex hormone-binding globulin were analyzed. As additional
biochemical parameters, blood urea nitrogen and creatine kinase as parameters
of kidney function and muscle damage, respectively, as well as the muscle
strength by a simple handgrip test were determined. After treatment,
hemoglobin, testosterone, and dihydroepiandrosterone concentrations, and the
ratio of total testosterone/cortisol and muscle force remained signif icantly
lower in female seniors than in male seniors. Hematocrit and erythrocyte count
in male seniors increased slightly but were significantly higher than in female
seniors. Treatment resulted in significant increases in total and free
testosterone concentrations and muscular force in men and women. The increase
in free testosterone in women is thought to be due to the significant decline
in sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations. The study affirms the ergogenic
benefit of TA through enhanced muscle strength. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley
& Sons, Ltd.
3.
ANDROLOGIA. The
First International Journal of Andrology.
ORIGINAL
ARTICLE
Standardised
water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone
booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism?
Keywords :- Adaptogen—Eurycoma longifolia—
Hypogonadism—late-onset hypogonadism—testosterone—Tongkat ali
M.
I. B. M. Tambi1,2, M. K. Imran2 & R. R. Henkel3
1
Wellmen Clinic, Damai Service Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
2
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Kbg Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia;
3
Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville,
South Africa
Keywords
:- Adaptogen—Eurycoma longifolia— Hypogonadism—late-onset hypogonadism—testosterone—Tongkat
ali
Correspondence
:- Prof. Mohd Ismail Bin Mohd Tambi, Wellmen Clinic, Damai Service Hospital,
Kuala Lumpur 52100, Malaysia.
Tel.:
+603 4043 4900 (Ext 791); Fax: +603 4043 5399; E-mail: dr_tambi@yahoo.com Accepted: December 7, 2010 doi:
10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01168.
Summary
:- In most countries, millions of people are relying on herbal medicines as remedy
for numerous ailments. In South-East Asia, Eurycoma longifolia Jack, also known
as ‘Malaysian ginseng’ or Tongkat ali, is used to combat stress and disease and
to improve physical strength. Moreover, the compounds of the roots of this
plant are reported to have aphrodisiac and testosterone enhancing effects in
the rat. Considering that human studies are not available, 76 of 320 patients
suffering from late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) were given 200 mg of a
standardised water-soluble extract of Tongkat ali for 1 month. The Ageing Males’
Symptoms (AMS) according to the standardised rating scale and the serum
testosterone concentration were taken. Results show that treatment of LOH
patients with this Tongkat ali extract significantly (P < 0.0001) improved the
AMS score as well as the serum testosterone concentration. While before treatment
only 10.5% of the patients did not show any complaint according to the AMS
scale and 35.5% had normal testosterone levels, after the completed treatment
71.7% and 90.8% of the patients showed normal values, respectively. Thus,
Tongkat ali extract appears to be useful as a supplement in overcoming the
symptoms of LOH and for the management of hypogonadism.
In
conclusion, the standardised water-soluble extract of Tongkat ali proved to be
a suitable herbal supplement in overcoming symptoms of LOH and managing
hypogonadism. Similarly, men with other causes of hypogonadism may also benefit
by taking the herbal extract as an adjunct to their testosterone replacement
therapy to enhance their DHEA. Moreover, a treatment like this may be a
reasonable therapy for numerous patients, particularly in Third World or
emerging countries as such herbal extracts are often cheaper than Western
pharmaceutical medicines. In Malaysia, for instance, the supplement is
available in most leading pharmacies and popular as a male health supplement.
Yet, randomised placebo-controlled studies investigating the positive effects
of Tongkat ali on ageing male well-being including its effects on the prostate
are missing in the literature thus far and are currently underway.
4.
ORIGINAL
ARTICLE. ‘Eurycoma longifolia Jack in managing idiopathic male infertility.’
Asian Journal of Andrology ( 2010 ) 12:
376-380. Published online 29 March 2010.
Keywords: male infertility,
medicinal herbs, semen
CONCLUSION.The
results of this study suggest that treatment with the proprietary standardised
extract of Eurycoma the percentage of morphologically normal sperm in men with
idiopathic infertility. As spontaneous
pregnancies were achieved in 14.7 % of couple in our study and the use of a
less invasive, cheaper variety of ART became possible in another 60%, the
treatment longifolia Jack significantly improve semen volume, sperm
concentration, sperm motility and of such patient with Eurycoma longifolia Jack
might be an option in the management of male infertility. In light of the
encouraging results of the present study, further studies in a larger group of
patients, with follow-up of the outcomes of the ART procedure, are required to
elucidate the potential role of Eurycoma longifolia Jack in the treatment of
male infertility.
5. Tongkat
Ali Presentation in conjunction with BioMalaysia 2009 Conference and
Exhibition. Nutrients and
Botanicals from the Malaysian Rainforest in Optimizing Men’s Health. The
Science and Technology behind Tongkat Ali.
Conclusion:-
Standardized water-soluble extract of Eurycoma
longifolia jack, has undergone numerous Clinical Trials and evaluations locally
and internationally and has been found to be a beneficial botanicals optimizing
men’s health. The Standardized extract has been patented as a supplement for
men’s health specifically in enhancing testosterone and improving male
fertility of idiopathic causes. The extract has been found to be non-toxic even
at a high dose of 600mg to the body vital functions. Extended studies on the
same extract has proven the herb to be an energizer, an aphrodisiac, an
ergogenic botanicals which also facilitate muscle fatigue recovery and anti
stress. It is a potent adaptogen as well. Overall effects on the various
hormones are also positive. It enhanced total testosterone and DHEA
(Dehydroepiandrosterone) which also modulate testosterone level, ensuring enough
free testosterone for the body’s need. Its other adaptogenic effects include
positive effect on body cortisol levels as well as on growth hormone as it
modulates the released of IGF-1. With all these ample scientific and clinical
findings, Standardized patented water-soluble extract of Eurycoma
longifolia,
has emerged as a potent botanical supplement in men’s health. # This article
is published in the ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY (Volume 11, Supplement 1,
October 2009)
STATUS AKTIVITI TERKINI
TAHAP INTERLEKTUAL
Berkaitan 'paten'
oleh Pengguna Malaysia
PENGGUNA TIADA KEYAKINAN DIRI
Berkaitan 'paten', Pengguna Malaysia lebih berminat produk dari luar sama ada kakitangan kerajaan & atau swasta.
KETAHUILAH, kelebihan dari sudut 'SIHAT BERTENAGA TANPA BAHAN TERLARANG / DADAH' meningkatkan testosterone - hingga kini BELUM ADA SEBARANG produk yang berjaya meningkatkan testosterone dalam tempoh singkat 24 jam. ( tercatat pada kajian klinikal ).
Tongkat Ali Nu-Prep Lelaki berjaya meningkatkan hingga 16.5%. 'BUKAN SEPERTI UBAT DARI FARMASI' ( jika dari farmasi sudah pasti campuran kimia / DADAH, bakal menghadapi RISIKO BURUK JANGKA PANJANG ). Peningkatan testosterone ini tidak memberi sebarang RISIKO BURUK kepada kesihatan tubuh badan. Kebaikan & keberkesanan kepada kesihatan di jamin SELAMAT, BERKESAN & BERKUALITI. KEHEBATAN ini seiring kriteria WHO.
TONGKAT ALI, eurycoma longifolia JACK, long jack
Kehebatan Tongkat Ali Nu-Prep lelaki kelebihan mendahului perubatan barat
( western medicine ) SIHAT BERTENAGA TANPA BAHAN TERLARANG / DADAH.
( US PATENT 7,132,117 B2 & Europe Specification Patent EP 1 313 491 B1 )
Untuk pengetahuan semua pihak BAHAWA TONGKAT ALI NU-PREP LELAKI adalah produk terlaris di farmasi. ( fakta ANUGERAH ini sebagai produk terlaris MENDAHULUI PERUBATAN BARAT - 'western medicine', atau sebarang bentuk ubat / supplement dari negara barat BUKAN DARI NEW ZEALAND, EROPAH ATAU US ) SEKALI LAGI YANG PASTI HANYA TONGKAT ALI NU-PREP LELAKI. JENAMA MALAYSIA YANG TERBAIK & TERBUKTI.
MUNGKIN fakta ini dapat memberi semangat baru menjelang 2014. Kehebatan Tongkat Ali Nu-Prep lelaki mendapat tarikan PEMBELI DI FARMASI DI SELURUH MALAYSIA SEBAGAI PRODUK UNTUK KESIHATAN PALING LARIS. ( tidak produk-produk lain yang 'CAKAP TIDAK SERUPA BIKIN'-TANPA BUKTI / FAKTA SOKONGAN' ).
Mona.vie telah menggunakan 'extract' Tongkat Ali dari proses yang sama untuk pasaran di Amerika Syarikat.
Kajian klinikal terbukti. Kehebatan 'extract' Tongkat Ali sebagai bahan aktif yang sama terkandung pada Tongkat Ali Nu-Prep lelaki telah membawa JENAMA MALAYSIA menembusi pasaran luar di US ( Amerika Syarikat ). Kajian terkini dibiayai oleh pihak Biotropics Malaysia Berhad telah menghasilkan satu 'scientific discovery - clinically proven'. Pihak mona.vie TELAH MENDAPATI BAHAWA KEHEBATAN KEBERKESANAN KEPADA WANITA TERBUKTI MENGURANGKAN 'STRES' ( STRESS REDUCER ) malah ia adalah baik untuk 'stress, mood, vigor.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
Mukjizat Bergelar Tongkat Ali
Klinik Sejahtera Lelaki
Damai Service Hospital
Jalan Ipoh
NU-PREP LELAKI
Tongkat Ali atau nama saintifiknya Eurycoma longifolia jack
ialah herba yang biasa didapati dihutan belentara, Nausantara berdekatan lereng
pergunungan. Namanya yang dikaitkan dengan lelaki tampan yang berdarah pahlawan
sememangnya memberi erti mukjizatnya yang terselindung, iaitu membantu
kesihatan, kesejahteraan dan semangat
kelelakian seperti tongkat yang membantu
mengangkat mereka yang lemah.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Pohon ini dikenali sebagai penawar pahit kerana ianya amat
pahit dan mujarab untuk pelbagai masalah kesihatan dan penyakit. Ia juga dikenali
sebagai pasak bumi kerana akarumbinya yang
berjelar lurus kedalam bumi dan kukuh dan amat sukar untuk dicabut. Terdapat
beberapa spesis Tongkat Ali, tapi spesis yang mengandungi banyak ramuan
perubatan ialah dari spesis Longifolia
dan Apiculata.Mengikut Professor Arif Adimoleja dari Universiti Surabaya, Indonesia, spesis Tongkat ali dari
Semenanjung Malaysia mengandungi lebih banyak ramuan kesihatan, terutama sekali
ramuan yang membantu tenaga batin lelaki jika dibandingkan dengan spesis yang
terdapat di Indonesia atau Negara Asia yang lain.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LALAKI
Ini mengikut beliau ada kaitan dengan khasiat yang
terdapat dalam bumi Semenanjung Malaysia. Khasiat perubatan Tongkat ali
terkandung dengan banyak dalam akarumbinya. Ia mengandungi pelbagai alkaloid
yang mujarab sebagai penawar untuk demam kura ( Malaria ),
penawar penyakit alahan ( allergy ), mencegah
demam, mengandungi elemen nyah kanser, mengandungi ( SOD ) Superoxide dismutase
yang berfungsi sebagai antioxidant, anti rheumatic ( mengurangkan kesakitan otot
dan sendi akibat rheumatic ), fungsi aphrodisiac atau ubat perangsang shaywat dan ubat melewatkan proses penuaan. Oleh
kerana ianya pahit, kadangkala ia digunakan sebagai bahan perisa untuk kopi dan minuman pahit. Jadi kandungannya dalam kopi
atau teh ialah semata mata untuk perisa dan tiada apa apa khasiat yang lain
kerana jika kandungannya lebih memang tidak dapat meminumnya kerana ia teramat
pahit!
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Pada zaman melayu purba, kikisan akar Tongkat Ali
biasa digunakan sebagai campuran dalam teh atau kopi dan minuman ini biasa
diamalkan oleh orang Nausantara dan Melayu untuk tenaga, keselesaan dan
kesegaran. Pendatang dari Negara barat saperti orang Inggeris dan Portugese
mula memberi perhatian tentang herba itu apabila mereka mula mengkaji perubatan
tradisional melayu. Koleksi maklumat yang mereka cuba membukukan banyak
mengupas pelbagai herba yang penuh mukjizat yang mana Tongkat ali mendapat
perhatian. Ini membuatkan herba Tongkat ali terkenal sebagai herba yang dapat
membantu memantapkan kesejahteraan kaum lelaki.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian awal yang mengunakan akstrak larutan alcohol dan
chloroform didapati amat toxic tapi mujarab untuk menangani masalah kesihatan
saperti deman kura dan jangkitan kuman dan virus. Kesan toxic kepada hati dan
buah pinggang membuatkan akstrak tersebut tidak sesuai untuk kegunaan manusia. Akstrak
larutan air pula didapati selamat apabila prosesnya diubahsuai untuk
mengeluarkan bahan toxic.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian awal kepada tikus menunjukkan yang extrak larutan air
Tongkat Ali yang mengandungi elemen glycoprotein dapat meningkatkan hormone
Testosterone 4 kali ganda. Kajian kepada tikus tua dengan akstrak Tongkat ali
larutan air membuatkan tikus tua aktif dan gresif. Akstrak ini tiada kesan
toxic kepada hati dan buah pinggang dan kajian klinikal kepada manusia
dijalankan pada penghujung 1999 dibeberapa buah Pusat Pengkajian Perubatan
tempatan dan antarabangsa dan hasil dari kajian tersebut akstrak Tongkat ali larutan
air yang telah menjalani pelbagai proses piawayan kini telah mendapat iktiraf
patent pada 2004 ( US patent: US2004/0087493 A1 ) ( terkini
‘United States - patent US 7, 132,117 B2 & Europe Specification Patent EP
1,313,491 B1’ ) oleh syarikat Biotropics Malaysia Berhad , ( syarikat berkaitan kerajaan – GLC ) dengan jenama terkini Nu-Prep 100 )
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Menyusuli kajian Biomedikal dan Medikal yang pernah
dilakukan kepada akstrak tersebut, hanya akstrak ini sahaja yang telah
menjalani pelbagai ujian dan penyelidikan yang komprehensif yang membuatkannya
akstrak Tongkat ali yang premium. Beberapa kajian yang ‘landmark’ yang pernah
dijalankan kepada akstrak ini ialah seperti berikut:
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
KAJIAN AWAl mengunakan tisu buah zakar manusia yang dikultur
dengan akstrak tersebutr mendapati peningkatan testosterone dan
androsteinedione ( androgen saperti testosterone ) ketahap tiga kali ganda
normal. Tiada peningkatan tahap dihidrotestosterone ( ada kaitan dengan
kejadian kanser kelenjar prostat ). Penemuan ini seolah olah membuka jalan
untuk kajian klinikal kepada manusia dilakukan tanpa was was. Kajian klinikal yang
seterusnya dijalankan disebuah Pusat Latihan Sukan di Kansas, USA dengan 10
orang penunggang basikal mendapati yang tahap hormone testosterone meningkat
dengan pengambilan 200mg akstrak tersebut.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
KAJIAN SUSULAN disebuah Pusat Perubatan di Kuala Lumpur melapurkan
peningkatan hormone testosterone dan hormone DHEA sekali gus dengan penurunan
SHBG ( Ikatan protin globulin dengan molekul testosterone ) dan peningkatan
hormone testosterone yang bebas ( testosterone bebas ikatan yang boleh
digunakan badan ) dengan pengambilan 200mg akstrak tersebut.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian yang dilakukan diFakulti Perubatan Bahagian
Sains Sukan dengan sekumpulan atlit yang mengambil 200mg akstrak yang sama juga
menunjukkan yang atlit tersebut dapat membina kekuatan tenaga otot dan
penurunan lemak badan yang mana kedua duanya ada kaitkan dengan kesan androgen.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
KAJIAN KLINIKAL yang komprehensif tentang kesan akstrak premium itu
kepada 20 lelaki mendapati akstrak itu tidak memberi apa apa kesan negative
kepada profil darah, tidak member kesan negative kepada buah pinggang dan hati
dan meningkatkan tahap hormone testosterone, DHEAS dan mengoptimumkan hormone
tiroxin dan hormone ketumbesaran IGF-1. Akstrak ini juga dapat meningkatkan
tahap kolesterol baik dalam darah dan tidak member apa apa kesan kepada tekanan
darah atau urat saraf walau pun diambil dengan dos yang tinggi.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian susulan yang dilakukan di USA oleh Professor Talbott
kepada atlit penunggang bisikal mendapati akstrak tersebut dapat menambahkan
testosterone sebanyak 16.5% dalam masa 24 jam dan mengurangkan tahap hormone
stress iaitu cortisol sebanyak 33% dalam masa 24 jam juga. Kajian ini jelas
menunjukkan kemujaraban aksdtrak premium ini meningkatkan testosterone dan
mengurangkan tekanan badan.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian yang sama yang dijalankan oleh Professor Ruxiang Wang
diLioning, China kepada beberapa atlit berumur yang mengambil 200mg akstrak
tersebut. mereka rasa diri mereka lebih aktif dan agresif dengan peningkatan
tahap hormone ketumbesaran dan testosterone serta mereka dapati proses
pemulihan lenguh otot setelah melakukan senaman berkayuh itu cepat.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Kajian yang dilakukan kepada lelaki yang mengalami
masalah sperma dengan pengambilan akstrak premium tersebut mendapati
peningkatan kepada bilangan dan keaktifan sperma dengan sekali gus peningkatan kualiti
sperma yang dapat menghasilkan kehamilan spontan sebanyak 17%.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
Banyak lagi kajian klinikal dan biomedical sedang
dijalankan kepada akstrak tongkat ali premium ini untuk meningkatkan lagi
keyakinan diri para pengamalnya yang sudah sedia maklum yang Tongkat ali ini
bukan sekadar memantapkan fungsi shaywat lelaki yang biasa diwawarkan oleh
tukang ubat tradisional, tapi ia lebih dari itu, iaitu memantapkan kesihatan, mengurangkan
tekanan, mempunyai kebaikkan untuk kesuburan lelaki serta memantapkan kesejahteraan
lelaki. Ia benar benar suatu mukjizat untuk lelaki.
IQRA, Bacalah....
"MUKJIZAT BERGELAR
TONGKAT ALI
NU-REP LELAKI"
NU-PREP LELAKI
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